Metabolism is the complex series of chemical processes that occur in the body to sustain life. It comprises two main components: anabolism, where cells build up complex molecules from simpler compounds to support growth and repair, and catabolism, where molecules are broken down to release energy. Central to metabolism is the regulation of nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) refers to the amount of energy the body uses at rest to maintain basic functions such as breathing and circulation. Factors such as age, gender, genetics, muscle mass and hormone levels affect individual metabolism. Regular physical activity and a balanced diet can positively affect metabolism by increasing BMR and improving energy metabolism. An efficient metabolism is key to maintaining a healthy weight and overall physical health.
