Digestion is a complex physiological process in which the body breaks down the food we eat into nutrients that can be absorbed and used as energy and in cellular functions. It starts in the mouth, where food is mechanically broken down and mixed with saliva, which contains the enzyme amylase to begin the breakdown of carbohydrates. Food then moves through the esophagus to the stomach, where gastric acid and enzymes break down proteins and other components.
After the stomach, food moves on to the small intestine, where most of the nutrient absorption takes place. Bile from the liver and enzymes from the pancreas contribute to the breakdown of fat. Finally, in the large intestine, water and electrolytes are absorbed and residual waste is formed for excretion.
Efficient digestion is essential for maintaining nutritional status and overall health. A balanced diet, hydration and regular physical activity support a healthy digestive process.
