Electrolytes are ionic compounds that carry an electrical charge in body fluids, including blood, urine and cellular fluids. They include ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride and phosphate. Electrolyte balance is essential for the maintenance of normal cell functions, nerve impulses, muscle contractions and fluid balance.
Electrolytes also regulate the body's pH level, support water retention and are essential for optimal kidney and heart function. These substances are lost through sweat, urination and other body fluids, especially during physical activity or at high temperatures. Restoring electrolyte balance can be achieved by consuming foods and drinks that contain these ions. Sports drinks and electrolyte supplements are often used to replace lost electrolytes, especially after intense exercise or dehydration. Proper electrolyte balance is critical to support the body's functions and maintain optimal health.
